Developmentally Appropriate Practice

Please answer the following questions.1. What does the acronym DAP in the field of early childhood education stand for? In one sentence, explain what the phrase means to you when you spell it out. (4 points)â€Å"DAP† – Developmentally appropriate practiceDAP refers to a framework designed to encourage young children’s optimal learning and development. Ensures that children’s goals and experiences are suited to their learning and development and challenging enough to promote their progress and interest. Best practice is based on knowledge and not on assumptions of how children learn and develop. DAP is the best practice to promote excellence in early childhood education.2. What three areas of knowledge must all early childhood professionals consider in relation to DAP? (These are outlined under the first DAP core: Knowledge to consider in making decisions.) (6 points= 2 points eac h)Below three areas of knowledge that must be considered by all early childhood professionals should consider in relation to DAP: a. Knowing about child development and learning.Knowing what is typical at each age and stage of early development is crucial. This knowledge, based on research, helps us decide which experiences are best for children’s learning and development. b. Knowing what is individually appropriate.What we learn about specific children helps us teach and care for each child as an individual. By continually observing children’s play and interaction with the physical environment and others, we learn about each child’s interests, abilities, and developmental progress. c. Knowing what is culturally important.We must make an effort to get to know the children’s families and learn about  the values, expectations, and factors that shape their lives at home and in their communities. This background information helps us provide meaningful, rele vant, and respectful learning experiences for each child and family.3. Describe an example of what a DAP activity or interaction looks like with children. (5 points)I quoted an example of teaching a Preschooler an example of DAP activity with Children: Good preschool teachers maintain appropriate expectations, providing each child with the right mix of challenge, support, sensitivity, and stimulation. With their knowledge, skill, and training, teachers can ensure that programs promote and enhance every child’s learning. DAP in preschool looks like:â€Å"In the dramatic play center, two 4-year-old girls are pretending to read menus. Jaimi, noticing that neither girl has taken on the role of waiter, takes notepad and pencil in hand and asks them, â€Å"May I take your order?† Over the next few days, more children join the restaurant play. Waiters set tables, take orders, give orders to the cook, and prepare checks for diners.† Jaimi is an observant, inventive, and intentional teacher. Her intervention sparks fresh play, tempting children to take on different roles, enrich their social and language interactions, and use writing and math for new purposes.4. List the five guidelines of DAP and explain what each one means in your own words. (10 points= 2 points each)These guidelines address five key aspects of the teacher's role:I. Creating a caring community of learnersThe early childhood setting functions as a community of learners in which all participants consider and contribute to each other's well-being and learning.Social relationships are an important context for learning. Each child has strengths or interests that contribute to the overall functioning of the  group. When children have opportunities to play together, work on projects in small groups, and talk with other children and adults, their own development and learning are enhancedII.Teaching to enhance development and learningTeachers use their knowledge about children in genera l and the particular children in the group as well as their familiarity with what children need to learn and develop in each curriculum area to organize the environment and plan curriculum and teaching strategies.Teachers develop, refine, and use a wide repertoire of teaching strategies to enhance children's learning and development.III.Planning curriculum to achieve important goalsEffective curriculum plans frequently integrate across traditional subject-matter divisions to help children make meaningful connections and provide opportunities for rich conceptual development. Curriculum promotes the development of knowledge and understanding, processes and skills, as well as the dispositions to use and apply skills and to go on learning.IV.Assessing children's development and learningAssessments are tailored to a specific purpose and used only for the purpose for which they have been demonstrated to produce reliable, valid information.Assessment of young children's progress and achiev ements is ongoing, strategic, and purposeful. The results of assessment are used to benefit children in adapting curriculum and teaching to meet the developmental and learning needs of childrenV.Establishing reciprocal relationships with familiesReciprocal relationships between teachers and families require mutual respect, cooperation, shared responsibility, and negotiation of conflicts toward achievement of shared goals.Parents are welcome in the program and participate in decisions about their children's care and education. Parents observe and participate and serve in decision making roles in the program.

Modes Of Transportation

Metro Manila is the metropolitan region which has the most populous metropolitan area in the Philippines and 11th most populous in the world. Based on 2010 national statistics it had a population of 11,855,975 populations that is 13% of national population (2010 Population and Housing Census: NCR). The rapid population growth corresponds to more economic needs and mobility for transport of goods, services and products. The direct relationship between urban areas and its population must meet the standard for deficiency of road and highway length as well as modes of transportation in metropolitan area. Nowadays, transportation is accessible at it is. Different modes of transportation are well available for the passenger in provinces and more advantageously in metropolitan area. It is the prerogative of the passenger to choose what will be the mode that would bring him/her to their destination as fast as possible. Sometimes, comfort and convenience are sacrificed in order to meet the ti me in school, work, event, etc.Theoretical frameworkFigure shows the model of the study – the theoretical framework. The respondents, from the first year students of pharmacy, shall be exposed to three experimental conditions, to elicit their waiting behaviors. Economic – efficient mobility for good vehicles that comfortably good for passenger, local economic development like LRT and MRT that are functionally good, and operational efficiency that passengers are satisfied from their travel. Social- social equity (fairness), human safety and health affordability, community cohesion, and cultural preservation from the passenger, Environmental – air, noise and water reductions, climate change emissions resource conservation, open – diversity, and biodiversity protection.Statement of the ProblemThe study aimed to determine the behavior of Freshmen Students in Pharmacy of Centro Escolar University in considering different modes of transportation possible throug h certain place. Apart from that, the researches aimed to identify the following: 1. What is the attitude of the passenger towards selecting mode of transportation that suits their comfort and convenience? 2. What is the mode of transportation that is easy to ride?3. Why are freshmen Student of pharmacy are being late and absent in class? 4. How can they limit their late and absences?HypothesisAmidst the growing number of population in the Philippines and blinding pollution it possess, students nowadays still resist to fight back these struggles they face as they go to school every school days. These troublesome concerns had been giving negative impacts to students. Due to this, alternative solutions are arising for a comfortable way of going to school. Options given to students are renting condominiums, owning a car or ride the hassle-free mode of transportation the environment offers. This study will show the adjustment of freshmen students of the School of Pharmacy of CEU when it comes to modes of transportationSignificance of the StudyThe study will represent the behavior of freshmen Student of pharmacy in considering different modes of transportation possible through certain place. The considering factor will be enumerated and thoroughly discussed to inform possible modest and safest modes for a respondents that selected randomly. Data will also give volume of traffic occur daily to determine what specific day will have congested traffic that varies the choice of passenger and take into consideration the factors that provided by studies. The study is very essential into what mode of transportation will be convenient according to daily traffic state. At the end of the study, readers will understand why does majority of passenger’s took certain mode and why minority prevails choose other.Scope and LimitationCommuting is considered to be one of the daily tasks done especially by freshmen students of pharmacy. To commute or travel from one place to ano ther varies by which mode of transportation is best, either by road or LRT/MRT, when reaching your destination. For this study, the data collection is limited to CEU students who travel by jeeps, bus, and taxi, LRT, MRT coming from different places within Metro Manila and nearby provinces to arrive in our campus. This will be in the form of survey questionnaire both in print and paper that will be handed out to students randomly to ensure that all the answers that will be collected from our respondents vary.Since the research is concerned with the different factors, which affects the various choices of transportation for commuters, this would mean that students who drives and rents condominiums, apartments and/or dormitories are excluded in our study. Psychological analysis through series of survey will provide different factor that commuter’s takes priority in choosing most convenient modes of transportation. The research will only be limited to a small portion of the school s’ population since this will only last for 2 days, the data that will be collected will represent the entire freshmen student of pharmacy of the school.

ISLAM IN TODAY'S WORLD Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

ISLAM IN TODAY'S WORLD - Research Paper Example Despite this view, there is plenty of sociological, anthropological, and political evidence to support the theory that there are very large differences between populations of Muslims in places like India, Indonesia, Iran, and Europe (Croucher, Turner, Anarbaeva, Oommen, & Borton, 2008). In each location, the practices of the Islamic faith are different in very significant ways, which could create some potential for conversation between Muslims and non-Muslims in these countries. A potentially fruitful aspect to look at specifically in the study of Islam in today’s world is examining how Islam is contrasted in its properties from Christianity and Judaism, and whether communication between these two sets of people is possible. It seems very likely that a healthy dialogue is very much possible, especially given the flattening of the world’s power structure and the coalescence around the global economy, as contrasted to economies centered on the religions of nations. Branch ing out from this topic, the hypothesis is offered stating that the development of the global economy will make communication a much more likely prospect and that is Muslims decide to reach out in terms of communication, the economic and political underdevelopment seen in primarily Muslim countries may be corrected. Thus, this is not only an exercise in cultural understanding and the factors that make this possible, but also a prescription for correcting some of the social ills in countries that reject communication with other faiths. The Effect of the Global Economy on Communication and Perceptions between Muslims and non-Muslims in the 21st Century Countries in the modern world may be underdeveloped for any number of reasons. These could include a lack of resources, natural disasters, or a manmade disaster such as a devastating war. Most of the time, however, countries are underdeveloped because of the philosophical stance they take toward other countries. In many cases, this phil osophical stance is the result of a religious exceptionalism measured above its neighbors. This religious view informs the political, and thus drives the country toward isolation. Iran, like many other countries in the Middle East, treats itself as superior because of its high level of integration of politics and religion. North Korea, even though it lacks an official religion, regardless treats the state itself as worthy of worship; thus, the country seeks isolation from the other nations of the world. This kind of isolation inevitably results in underdevelopment that creates an environment for both a lack of understanding of cultural differences and economic underdevelopment. The United States, which is relatively open to other cultures, has a high rate of economic development because the culture values the process of doing business more than the identities of those doing business. It seems that communication between different religions, particularly between Muslims and non-Muslim s, is a crucial aspect of the cultural understanding that is necessary for the Middle East and other predominantly Muslim countries to escape from under the weight of their underdevelopment. This requires a better cultural understanding of Muslims from the perspective of the non-Muslim, and an understanding of non-Muslims from the p

Why is Japanese Video Game Culture so Different from U.S Research Paper

Why is Japanese Video Game Culture so Different from U.S - Research Paper Example Video game development and promotion is quite different in Japan as compared to the United States. Some of the best-selling games in America include those with more adult-oriented themes that depict combat scenarios or ongoing brutality in head-to-head auto racing. This suggests that there is a large market of youths and adults that find this type of content most appropriate for their gaming needs. Because of the high cultural acceptance of games with brutal or graphic images, there is little restriction on their distribution outside of generic warning labels that describe the nature of the game for concerned parents or children that do not wish to be exposed to bloody or explicit content. In Japan, there is also little regulation in place in the gaming industry, attributable to the high profit margin that games provide in this country as well as different values related to free expression. Japan has the majority of its governmental roots based on their constitution which expresses the importance of free speech and individualized sovereignty over decision-making that should be free of express governmental controls or regulations. Japanese citizens value their individualized rights as consumers as is protected by their constitution. Far beyond the economic value that the gaming industry provides Japanese leadership, cultural beliefs are what drive specific games to find higher sales volumes. Much different than the United States, Japanese game-players prefer games that are less intense and more playful, which supports the high sales of the number one ranked game, â€Å"Mario & Luigi: Bowser’s Inside Story† for Nintendo DS.

Movie reflection on the movie Click Research Paper

Movie reflection on the movie Click - Research Paper Example The setting of the film takes place in both the present day as well as some ten years or so into the future - though there is no major visual difference between the present and the future. At the end of the film it is discovered that the majority of the plot took place in the back room of Bed, Bath, and Beyond store. The major circumstances throughout the entire movie were the remote control and the bizarre character of Morty, who is similar to the fairy godmother in a fairytale. Without these elements, what took place in the movie would not have been possible. In this, the vital element of the film is fantasy, the ability to defy basic reality to share a story or make a point. One of the main themes of Click is responsibility of the home, immediately followed by grief and regret. Though Michael spends all of his time at work, it is done for the sake of his family. He wants to make sure that they have the best of everything, especially since he had to go without when he was growing up. Unfortunately, during these attempts at a better life, Michael begins to forget about his family. He still works to make them happy, but he forgets to spend time with them, which is what they prefer over the frivolous material possessions. There is an irony in how this situation plays out. In his quest to make his family happy, he ends up forgetting about them, making them more upset then they were to begin with. He eventually succumbs to a heart attack and his wife leaves him, making his attempts all for nothing. Michael loses sight that happiness in a family is not always about material possessions. Furthermore, there is a lot of grief and regret in the film, most of which surrounds Michael. Regret is seen throughout the entire film; Michael regrets being unable to give his family everything they want; Michael’s family regrets being able to

Hall of frame for president of us Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hall of frame for president of us - Essay Example He is recognized for his efforts in making the country the world’s superpower during the war. He also had a vision of protecting the county’s citizens from the effects of the great depression. His legislation that guided the country through the great depression makes him a good leader (Stadelmann, 2009). Theodore Roosevelt was a great president who used his influence to the citizens to accept his ideologies. His influential ability helped him to get legislation passed in the congress (Stadelmann, 2009). He was the first president to use his influence to drive his foreign policies with other countries, and this ensured good international relations with them. William Jefferson Clinton is another great US president who is admired for his ability to handle crisis and scandals. He managed scandals effectively without letting them interfere with his leadership. I also like President Ronald Reagan due to his great communication skills; he would influence the public through his speeches and inspire the public through his messages (Bolno, n.d). President John Fitzgerald Kennedy is one of the best influential leaders that I have always admired. He is presumed to have had some leadership attributes from his father who had served as an ambassador in 1937 to 1940. He is renowned for his leadership styles, which the subsequent presidents of the United States have tried to emulate over the years. John Kennedy is best favorable president due to his leadership attributes were exhibited throughout his life. His first attribute as a great leader is charisma. This is due to his ability to inspire people through his practical choice of words. His messages motivated people to accept his leadership policies. He chose very wise words to manage crisis by demonstrating an ability to handle delicate situations amicably. The second attribute that I like about him was his visionary leadership. Kennedy was seen as a visionary leader who shared his vision and goals of the count ry with all citizens through his speeches (Colvin, 2008). This attribute creates an understanding that the future of a country depends on the leaders’ vision. As a visionary leader, he was able to show the direction which he wanted to lead the country. Hence, through this, he received great credibility and support from many people. The third admirable leadership attribute of President Kennedy was that he was able to delegate (Hald, 2007). A leader needs to delegate some powers to his subordinates who should share the same ideologies so that he can ensure that objectives are met in time. In addition, Kennedy’s administration was made up of learned scholars who were competent to take up roles. Hence, Kennedy easily delegated his authority to some of his cabinet while still exercising his control powers. This was seen by his appointment of Dean Rusk as his secretary of state (Hald, 2007). The fourth attribute of Kennedy that I like is that of inspirational leadership, a l eader should inspire his followers towards excellence (Colvin, 2008). Moreover, President Kennedy inspired other people to excel in the duties that they were assigned to, and offered support towards achieving such goals. Therefore, this encouraged teamwork and unity because people felt as part of his government. Lastly, I admire the courage that President Kennedy portrayed especially in dealing with serious issues. Since he had previously served as in the navy, Kennedy was seen to be courageous when dealing

Medications errros Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Medications errros - Essay Example Available literature about medical errors states that emergency department often faces the challenge of medical errors. The intensity of the work conducted in the emergency department is one of the factors that may lead to medical errors. Emergency department is prone to medical errors because of the involvement of the individual medical practitioners . The influx pattern in the emergency department is another factor that influences the number or errors committed in this department. Some arguments about medical errors committed in the emergency department attest to the fact that medical professionals attending to patients on the emergency department often feel bored because of the inconsistent number of patients that the department receives. According to renowned scholar Norman, human beings always err (Schenkel, 2000). Thus, by considering this fact in mind, the medical professionals should be extra vigilant when handling patients. Medical errors such as wrong prescriptions are avoidable if the medical professional pays more attention to the patients. Other errors include over dosage, application of wrong procedures when handling a casualty, excessive and x-ray penetrations among others. First, is to understand the source of the error and develop means of avoiding the causes of errors. Second, create a possibility to undo actions. Third, create an environment, which may lead to tracing of the errors. Fourth, change the trends about errors (Schenkel, 2000). Critics argue that training is essential in eliminating some of the errors committed by medical professionals. Written report, for instance is important when handling a patients. Doctors or nurses may use the written document to identify the requirement of the patient. Personal responsibility is essential in defining the number of errors committed. By exercising care when handling a patient, errors arising from negligence would be avoidable. The safety of the patients is very essential. When

Escape from Camp 14 by Blaine Harden Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Escape from Camp 14 by Blaine Harden - Essay Example Shin Dong-hyuk has undergone these horrors, which has made him unprepared to live in the contemporary world, finding it difficult to adjust to a totally different environment with freedom. Being psychologically free refers to freedom from attachment and from identifying with anything. In addition, psychological freedom also refers to when an individual is a being, rather than a knowing or a doing. Because of his experiences in prison camp 14, which have resulted in classical symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and Stockholm syndrome, Shin has been unable to gain psychological freedom. Shin Dong-hyuk was born in a North Korean prison camp and lived under harsh and inhuman conditions for the first twenty-four years of his life. This was a period material, physical, and emotional deprivation for Shin, who underwent physical abuse and torture before making a successful escape from the prison camp (Harden 12). However, he escaped with scars consistent with post-traumatic stress disorder, such as flashbacks, nightmares, and panic attacks, which have denied him psychological freedom. Although he has received treatment for his posttraumatic stress disorder, he still finds himself in the grip of anger and fear, while he does not want to be alone with his thoughts for a long time because they trouble him (Harden 14). Shin has been unable to attain psychological freedom because of his trauma’s fundamental psychological effect, which is the shattering of his innocence. His experiences in prison camp 14 have led him to lose faith in any meaning, predictability, and safety in the world or any safe place that he can retreat to, including his family, which reinforces his feeling of isolation (Harden 167). His body or mind did not process his traumatic experiences at the prison camp, unlike other experiences. This is most likely due to their shocking and overwhelming

Equality Within Modern Educational System Essay

Equality Within Modern Educational System - Essay Example (Beveridge, 2004) Crucially, the home-school relationship is also influenced by the child himself or herself. It is apparent, for example, that where parents see that their children are liked and valued by teachers, they are more likely to feel positive about communication and cooperation with school. At the same time, however, there is evidence that children seek to preserve some privacy in their home and school lives and to 'manage the gap' (Alldred et al., 2002) between them. Concepts of inclusion and inclusive education have developed over time within the context of broader social values and political priorities. When the Warnock Report (DES, 1978) was published, it used the term 'integration' to refer to the involvement in mainstream school of those children with special educational needs who had traditionally been educated in segregated provision. It distinguished between different forms of integration: locational, when children with special educational needs share a site with mainstream pupils; social, when they also share social out-of-class activities; and functional, when they join in at least some mainstream lessons. This very simple model quickly became associated with narrow interpretations of what integration involved. It appeared to endorse a step-by-step progression, where children who could demonstrate their suitability might gradually move towards full involvement in mainstream provision. As Sir Cyril Taylor (Chairman of the Specialist Trust) once said while giving interview to BBC, "Everybody should be concerned if there are children in the under performing schools" (BBC, 2006a). Bearing all of these approaches in mind, the emphasis was placed on where education took place, rather than on its quality. Further,... This paper approves that disabled school pupils and university students in England and Wales are about to get legal rights against discrimination. Under legislation coming into force on 1 September, educational institutions will have to ensure that disabled learners are not disadvantaged. And admissions procedures must not discriminate against disabled students seeking to enrol. Earlier disability legislation had exempted the education sector. But the Special Educational Needs and Disability Act now extend the anti-discrimination protection to education. Institutions have to make â€Å"reasonable adjustments† to ensure that disabled students can participate in courses and lessons. This essay makes a conclusion that in all schools, the quality, style and attitudes of leadership (in particular those of the head teacher) are crucial to creating and maintaining an inclusive ethos. One head stated, ‘We are a comprehensive school’, before stressing his duty to all-children in his community, including those with learning and behavioural difficulties. In schools coping well with behavioural issues, statements such as this were an articulation of deeply held beliefs, and senior staff, imbued with inclusive values, possessed the skill and motivation to influence the attitudes and actions of their sometimes more-doubting colleagues. Many teachers and Learning Support Assistants have become receptive to senior staff initiatives to engender positive behaviour management. Conversely, head teachers and senior staff are receptive to, and supportive of, teacher ideas and initiatives.

Emily Dickinson Essay Example for Free

Emily Dickinson Essay Religion and spirituality can affect different people’s lifestyles in different ways. In the case of Emily Dickinson, her religion affected her writing. Emily Dickinson seemed to have written her poems based by religious influence; the poems â€Å"Some Keep the Sabbath going to Church† and â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death† are both examples of how religion influenced her poetry. Emily Dickinson did not at all have a sort of a rough upbringing or childhood, as it was in fact, very pleasant for the most part. She was born on December 10th 1830 in Amherst, Massachusetts. The town she had grown up in, coincidentally, was noted as a center of education, based on the Amherst College. Her family was very well-known in the community, so her childhood home was often used as a meeting place for visitors. In school, Emily was known for being a very intelligent student, and could create original rhyming stories to entertain her other classmates. She loved to read, and was extremely conscientious about her work (Tejvan par. 2-4). However, Emily Dickinson’s father was extremely strict. He was determined to bring up his children in an extremely proper way, causing his daughter to both hate and love him at the same time. He would censor the types of books allowed in the house; any books that were found to be too inappropriate would have to be smuggled in the house without his knowing. Emily described it as â€Å"his heart was pure and terrible† (Tejvan par. 4). Because of these actions, Emily was extremely respectful to both her father and other older male figures. However, she still loved her father in every way she could, and wished to be the best daughter she could ever possibly be (Tejvan par. 2-4). After her childhood, Emily Dickinson lived isolated from the world for the remainder of her life. Despite her remote lifestyle, Dickinson still actively read and still communicated with people with whom she felt the need to keep in contact. Her brother moved in next door to her after attending law school and marrying his wife. Her younger sister followed Emily’s example and also lived in almost complete isolation at her home. Her siblings and brother’s spouse acted as both family and companions during Dickinson’s lifetime (Emily Dickinson Poets.org par. 2). At the time of Dickinson’s life, there was a â€Å"revival of evangelical Christianity† (Tejvan par. 2). Because of this, she would rarely refuse to tell people she was Christian, making her religious views hard to explain. However, Emily Dickinson defined herself as a pagan, and her religious views had a very strong influence on her poetry. As a Calvinist, Dickinson was brought up to believe that men were undoubtedly sinful and that most of humanity was doomed to hell. A small portion of humans would be saved, however, and throughout her life, there was an increasing pressure for Emily Dickinson to announce herself as the saved. Regardless, she never deemed herself saved, causing her to be seen as an outcast from the rest of her peers (Tejvan par. 2-5). At a first look at her poems, it would seem that she was an atheist, or just has a â€Å"lack of spiritual inclination† (Sumangali par. 2). Dickinson did not pay much attention, or was not able to grasp religious doctrine such as original sin. Emily Dickinson did attend church regularly, and the sermons she attended influenced her poetry. While she did not have identical beliefs to those surrounding her, Dickinson had a faith in her own spirituality, making her seem to have more knowledge of God than the people around her. She did not claim to fully understand God, or to have faith in all of His ways. Nonetheless, she did not fear God, or fear being sent to Hell (Sumangali par. 1-10). Therefore, she was not as religious-obsessed as the people around her. This could also explain why she lived in isolation, because as everyone else was caught up in trying to be saved, she was living out her life the way she wanted. Dickinson’s religious and spiritual outlooks are reflected in her poetry. The poem â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death† is one of Dickinson’s many poems influenced by her religion. In this poem, Dickinson is trying to depict herself from beyond the grave, as if she has already died. She describes how she was too caught up in her own life to be stopped by death; hence the title of this work. It also explains that she, unlike the people around her who are so focused on being saved by God when they die, was so busy with everything else to care. The first stanza in the poem, â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death / He kindly stopped for me / The Carriage held but just Ourselves / And Immortality† (â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death† 1-4), describes death practically picking up the author in a carriage with just themselves and immortality. Then in the second stanza, Death’s civility is Dickinson explaining that Death is teaching her to give up all of the things that had made her busy, so she could enjoy the Ã¢â‚¬Ë œride’ to the end of her life. The third stanza is Emily Dickinson explaining all of the things in the world that she is leaving behind, some that she was toopreoccupied to notice before. The transitions she uses between the stanzas, are of her leaving the old world and entering a different, gloomier one: â€Å"We passed the Setting Sun / Or rather – He passed us† (â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death† 12-13). In this stanza, she finally realizes that she is dead and her past life is gone. Her death becomes a bit physical too, with her describing her gown and the chill outside, and the same in the next stanza. The final stanza describes what Dickinson meant by Immortality in the beginning of the poem. She describes how, even though it had been centuries since she died, to her it only feels like a day (Cullina, Chainani, et al par.7-14). In this poem, Dickinson gives death a personality, and the personality she gives death reflects the personality she gives to God. She portrays death as a journey after a busy life, which lasts an eternity but does not feel very long at all. Another one of Emily Dickinson poems, â€Å"Some keep the Sabbath going to Church†, more literally relates to her view and practices of religion by describing faith. The first stanza in Dickinson’s poem talks about how different people keep their religious views alive. She says that â€Å"Some keep the Sabbath going to Church / I keep it, staying at Home† (â€Å"Some keep the Sabbath going to Church† 1-2). She describes that in going to the Sabbath, they are giving their faith to the Lord. She then goes on to say, that by staying home and worshipping God at home is keeping her faith and relationship with God in a more real and alive way. In the following stanza, she describes how some people wear their robes to prove their righteousness to God and the faith, while Dickinson does not need to prove her faith to others, she proved to herself enough how much God means to her, and does not need to try and prove her love of God to everyone else. This stanza helps explain that a person who has to convince others that they are true to God means that their inner self does not agree that they are as faithful as they really should be. S omeone who is truly faithful to God would not have to brag or show it off to the rest of the world, but they would know inside of themselves that however they act they will be sent up to heaven. The final stanza explains that God is always preaching, but the sermon is not the type heard at Church. He preaches every day and going to mass will not affect how He preaches. No matter if a person is faithful in others eyes or not, she explains that there is not any doubt of His undying love for His truly good, and faithful people. Emily Dickinson uses her poem to say that it is not necessary show off a person’s faith to others, to be rewarded with heaven. She says that true believers do not have to show off to the world the fact that they are going to heaven by wearing robes, attending mass, and declaring themselves â€Å"saved†. The true believers know that they are going all along, whether they prove it to everyone else or not (â€Å"Exposing the Hypocrisy of Religion in Emily Dickinson’s Some Keep the Sabbath Going to Church† par. 1-6). As religion has a strong influence on many people’s lifestyles, Emily Dickinson’s religion and her true spirituality had a strong influence on her poetry. Two of her poems, â€Å"Some Keep the Sabbath going to Church† and â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death† are both examples of how religion influenced her poetry. Works Cited Cullina, Alice, Soman Chainani, and et al. Emily Dickinsons Collected Poems Study Guide : Summary and Analysis of Because I could not stop for Death GradeSaver. N.p., 26 Jul 2009. Web. 30 Apr 2012. Dickinson, Emily. Some Keep The Sabbath Going to Church. Johnson, Thomas H. The Complete Poems of Emily Dickinson. New York: Back Bay Books, 30 Jan 1976. Print. Dickinson, Emily. Because I could not stop for Death. Johnson, Thomas H. The Complete Poems of Emily Dickinson. New York: Back Bay Books, 30 Jan 1976. Print. Emily Dickinson Poets.org. Poets.org. Academy of American Poets, n.d. Web. 10 Apr 2012. â€Å"Exposing the Hypocrisy of Religion in Emily Dickinson’s Some Keep the Sabbath Going to Church†. 123HelpMe.com. 30 Apr 2012 Pettinger, Tejvan R. Emily Dickinson Biography. BiographyOnline. N.p., 26 June 2006. Web. 10 Apr 2012. The Spirituality of Emily Dickinson†. Sumangali. N.p., 10 May 2008. Web. 10 Apr 2012.

American Expeditionary Forces in World War I

American Expeditionary Forces in World War I A. Plan of Investigation This investigation assesses the significance of the American Expeditionary Forces to the United States victory in World War I. In order to asses this, the role of the American Expeditionary Forces is investigated during major battles of World War I. The success or failure of the American Expeditionary Forces at each battle is determined and evaluated for significance. Two of the sources used in this paper, I. The World War., and Americans as Warriors: Doughboys in Battle during the First World War. are evaluated for origin, purpose, value and limitation. This investigation does not assess the significance of other American Forces (U.S. Army Air Service and United States Navy) to the United States victory in World War I. B. Summary of Evidence The first American battle of World War I was the Battle of Cantigny, fought from May 27th, 1918 to May 31st, 1918. During this battle the 1st Division of the American Expeditionary Forces and French Army attacked the German held French village of Cantigny. Cantigny was taken by the American Expeditionary Forces and French Army on May 28th, 1918, marking the first successful battle of World War I for the American Expeditionary Forces. [1] Piper, Gayln Battle of Cantigny First Division Museum at Cantigny. Web. Mar. 2016. http://www.firstdivisionmuseum.org/museum/online/toward_the_front/battle_of_cantigny/default.aspx. [2] I. The World War. Political Science Quarterly, vol. 33, no. 3, 1918, pp. 1-27., www.jstor.org/stable/2141489. Pg. 22 Following the Battle of Cantigny, the Battle of Saint-Mihiel was fought from September 12th, 1918 to September 15th, 1918. After proving their combat ability at the Battle of Cantigny, the American Expeditionary Forces planned to overrun German held Saint-Mihiel with overwhelming force.   Under the American onslaught, German defenders gave way, preferring to give up ground and retreat in good order rather than fight. The German retreat marked another success for the American Expeditionary Forces. The Meuse-Argonne Offensive was the final Allied offensive of World War I. The battle was fought on the entire Western Front, lasting from September 26th, 1918 to November 11th, 1918. This battle marks the crowning achievement of the American Expeditionary Forces, after 47 days of fighting the German Empires armistice ended the battle. The American Expeditionary Forces won the war. C. Evaluation of Sources I. The World War published by Political Science Quarterly in 1918 is a record of political events from August 1, 1917 to July 31, 1918. This journal was written with the purpose to act as a factual news source, pulling information from newspapers, letters and interviews. [3] Manning, Mary St. Mihiel: A Push Forward First Division Museum at Cantigny. Web. Mar. 2016. http://www.firstdivisionmuseum.org/museum/online/toward_the_front/st_mihiel/default.aspx. [4] Manning, Mary St. Mihiel: A Push Forward First Division Museum at Cantigny. Web. Mar. 2016. http://www.firstdivisionmuseum.org/museum/online/toward_the_front/st_mihiel/default.aspx. [5] Keene, Jennifer D. Americans as Warriors: Doughboys in Battle during the First World War. OAH Magazine of History, vol. 17, no. 1, 2002, pp. 15-18., www.jstor.org/stable/25163558. Pg. 1 [6] I. The World War. Political Science Quarterly, vol. 33, no. 3, 1918, pp. 1-27., www.jstor.org/stable/2141489. Pg. 1 The journals value is that it provides unbiased information for the reader to consume, however the journal is limited because many war statistics were withheld from the public during World War I. Americans as Warriors: Doughboys in Battle during the First World War published by the Oxford University Press in 2002 is an article evaluating several key battles in the final year of   the war, including Cantigny, Belleau Wood, Chà ¢teau-Thierry, Soissons, St. Mihiel, and Meuse-Argonne. The article was written with the purpose of providing the reader information about the American Expeditionary Forces and their involvement in World War I battles. The articles value is that it provides an evaluation of major World War I events, however the article is limited because the evaluations are only from an American perspective. D. Analysis It is clear that the American Expeditionary Forces were critical to the success of the United States in World War I. Beginning with their first offense at the Battle of Cantigny the American Expeditionary Forces proved to be a powerful, well trained force. Cantigny made a profound statement to Germans and Allies, setting the stage for Allied success in the war. The Battle of Saint-Mihiel again proved the strength of the American Expeditionary Forces. The battle was won with only 7,000 American casualties, a very small loss [7] Keene, Jennifer D. Americans as Warriors: Doughboys in Battle during the First World War. OAH Magazine of History, vol. 17, no. 1, 2002, pp. 15-18., www.jstor.org/stable/25163558. Pg. 1 [8] Piper, Gayln Battle of Cantigny First Division Museum at Cantigny. Web. Mar. 2016. http://www.firstdivisionmuseum.org/museum/online/toward_the_front/battle_of_cantigny/default.aspx. [9] Manning, Mary St. Mihiel: A Push Forward First Division Museum at Cantigny. Web. Mar. 2016. http://www.firstdivisionmuseum.org/museum/online/toward_the_front/st_mihiel/default.aspx. by World War I standards.The battle provided an opportunity for the newly organized American units to work and fight together as an American army, gaining valuable experience they would need for the coming Meuse-Argonne offensive. The Meuse-Argonne Offensive was the most important battle fought by the American Expeditionary Forces, proving that they were the single most import force to the United States victory during World War I.   Nearly 1.2 million soldiers participated in the battlewithout a force of this size the Allies may have lost the battle and never gained German Armistice. The the American Expeditionary Forces is greatly responsible for the success of the Allies and the United States in World War I. E. Conclusion The American Expeditionary Forces were the most significant attribute to the United States victory in World War I. The American Military Forces were essential to the success of the Allies in many key battles of World War I, without the American Expeditionary Forces a German armistice may have never occurred. The American Military Forces were so significant to the United States victory in World War I, that they have become a symbol of patriotism and stability in America, paving the road for American success in future wars. [10] Manning, Mary St. Mihiel: A Push Forward First Division Museum at Cantigny. Web. Mar. 2016. http://www.firstdivisionmuseum.org/museum/online/toward_the_front/st_mihiel/default.aspx. [11] Keene, Jennifer D. Americans as Warriors: Doughboys in Battle during the First World War. OAH Magazine of History, vol. 17, no. 1, 2002, pp. 15-18., www.jstor.org/stable/25163558. Pg. 1 [12] Wingate, Jennifer. Over the Top: The Doughboy in World War I Memorials and Visual Culture. American Art, vol. 19, no. 2, 2005, pp. 26-47., www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/444480.   Pg. 28 F. Bibliography Primary Sources: I. The World War. Political Science Quarterly, vol. 33, no. 3, 1918, pp. 1-27., www.jstor.org/stable/2141489. Front Matter. Political Science Quarterly, vol. 34, no. 3, 1919, pp. i-iv., www.jstor.org/stable/2141668. Secondary Sources: Keene, Jennifer D. Americans as Warriors: Doughboys in Battle during the First World War. OAH Magazine of History, vol. 17, no. 1, 2002, pp. 15-18., www.jstor.org/stable/25163558. Manning, Mary St. Mihiel: A Push Forward First Division Museum at Cantigny. Web. Mar. 2016. http://www.firstdivisionmuseum.org/museum/online/toward_the_front/st_mihiel/default.aspx. Piper, Gayln Battle of Cantigny First Division Museum at Cantigny. Web. Mar. 2016. http://www.firstdivisionmuseum.org/museum/online/toward_the_front/battle_of_cantigny/default.aspx. Wingate, Jennifer. Over the Top: The Doughboy in World War I Memorials and Visual Culture. American Art, vol. 19, no. 2, 2005, pp. 26-47., www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/444480.

The Importance of Ideas in The Tempest Essay -- Tempest essays

The Importance of Ideas in The Tempest      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeare's play, The Tempest, is constructed on a framework of ideas rather than on any dramatic principle. It is "ideas" that are presented throughout, and the play is built around the presentation of these themes -- themes such as the argument over whether nature is superior to nurture or vice versa (as in the case of Caliban and Antonio, the first being one on whom all efforts at nurture "can never stick" due to the inherent baseness of his nature, the second being one whom neither nature nor nurture has availed to deter him from consciously choosing evil), the moral duties of the sovereign (in the case of Prospero and Alonso, both of whom have to go through physical or emotional distress because of their negligence, in one way or another, or these duties), the transitoriness of all material things (as in Prospero's speech following the masque), the rights of the colonialist and whether he is exploiting or educating the natives (in the case of Prospero and Cali ban), the argument over whether "enlightened" civilization is superior to the "natural man" or otherwise, and the importance of retaining social hierarchy.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is also, to a certain extent, not inaccurate to suggest that the characters, or at least the important ones, have a symbolic function. Prospero does symbolize "Art" and enlightened civilization, Caliban "Nature" and the primitive, uncontrolled succumbing to instinctual, sometimes base, urges that results from the lack of "civilization", Ferdinand and Miranda the purity and virtue of noble birth, most of the court party (Antonio, Alonso, Sebastian; on a different level, Stephano and Trinculo) the imperfection of civilization in the form of ... ...nd Political Thought." A Companion to Shakespeare. Ed.   David Scott Kastan. Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers Ltd., 1999. 100-116. Gervinus, G.G. "A review of The Tempest." Shakespeare Commentaries. (1877):787-800. Rpt.   Scott. 304-307. More, Sir Thomas. "Utopia." The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Vol 1. Ed. David   Damrosch. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 1999. 637-706. Platt, Peter. "Shakespeare and Rhetorical Culture." A Companion to Shakespeare. Ed. David   Scott Kastan. Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers Ltd., 1999.   277-296. Sacks, David Harris. "Political Culture." A Companion to Shakespeare. Ed. David Scott   Kastan. Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers Ltd., 1999. 100-116. Snider, Denton J. "A review of The Tempest." The Shakespearian Drama a Commentary: The Comedies. (1890). Rpt. Scott. 320-324.   

the aztecs Essay -- essays research papers fc

The Aztecs Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The tribe in which I will be researching is the Aztecs tribe. I plan to find out the answers to the questions below. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Where they lived? 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Their religions? 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What they ate? 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some of their beliefs? 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What life was like? The Aztecs   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Indian tribe I am studying is the Aztecs. I plan on answering questions such as what life was like, what they ate, how they dressed, what their religions were, and many other questions which I intended on finding out.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I learned many interesting facts about the Aztecs. And a few of the most interesting facts in which I learned are that the Aztecs believed deeply in sacrifices, and would capture prisoners of another tribe of war, and would make them climb a pyramid and at the top they would have their heart cut out from their chest and burned as an offering to their gods. (Unstead, 9&10.) The Aztecs had many gods, which they believed in. The two chief gods were Oretecuhtlick and Orecihuatl. They were the lord and the lady of creation. They had four sons who would be the creators of the other gods. (Unstead, 8&9.) The Aztecs believed in a god for everything. There was a food god, a sun god, a water god, a moon god, even a god for their clothing. &n...

Memasyarakatkan Alkitab atau meng(al)kitabkan masyarakat? :: essays research papers

Memasyarakatkan Alkitab atau meng(al)kitabkan masyarakat? Tantangan dan Kesempatan bagi metode BGA dalam konteks kelisanan dan keberaksaraan Makalah ini disajikan dalam salah satu sesi dalam pelatihan Tim Pelayanan Proyek Philadelphia (TP3) pada tanggal 26 Juli 2004, di Wisma Anugerah, Cisarua, Bogor. Pengantar Makalah ini merupakan bentuk konkretisasi dari refleksi saya berdasarkan berbagai pergumulan berteologi serta pengalaman melayani dalam pembinaan BGA serta berdasarkan karya sehari-hari sebagai anggota staf penerbitan Yayasan PPA. Sebelumnya saya pernah menyusun dan menyajikan beberapa renungan dan makalah yang telah saya sajikan dalam berbagai pertemuan internal PPA. Perkembangan serta perubahan pemikiran saya setelah saat-saat tersebut kini tertuang dalam makalah ini.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Melalui judul dari makalah ini, saya ingin menunjukkan bahwa masih ada beberapa kebijakan, pemikiran, dasar ideologis-teologis dll. yang berkaitan dengan metode BGA, yang masih perlu diperjelas. Judul dari makalah ini menyiratkan salah satu dari beberapa pilihan yang harus diambil: memasyarakatkan Alkitab atau justru meng(al)kitabkan masyarakat. Tujuan makalah ini adalah untuk mengajak kita memikirkan pertanyaan-pertanyaan seperti ini, serta pendapat saya tentang jawaban-jawabannya bagi pertanyaan-pertanyaan tersebut. Mencari udang di balik batu: Konteks keberaksaraan, kelisanan, dan kemajemukan media dalam gaya hidup orang Indonesia Ada banyak istilah yang digunakan orang untuk menjelaskan kemampuan seseorang untuk membaca dan menulis. Ada yang menggunakan istilah melek huruf, keaksaraan, keberaksaraan dll. Dalam makalah ini, saya akan menggunakan istilah  ¡Ã‚ ®keberaksaraan ¡Ã‚ ¯ untuk menunjuk kondisi masyarakat yang secara umum didasarkan pada kemampuan membaca dan menulis, dan  ¡Ã‚ ®melek huruf ¡Ã‚ ¯ untuk kondisi seseorang. Untuk kondisi seseorang yang tidak mampu membaca dan menulis saya menggunakan istilah  ¡Ã‚ ®buta huruf ¡Ã‚ ¯, sementara  ¡Ã‚ ®kelisanan ¡Ã‚ ¯ menunjuk kepada kondisi masyarakat yang lebih didominasi oleh ujaran verbal ketimbang teks tertulis. Saya juga ingin memperjelas makna dari satu istilah yang saya gunakan dalam makalah ini. Mengikuti definisi yang digunakan oleh UNESCO,  ¡Ã‚ ®buku ¡Ã‚ ¯ atau  ¡Ã‚ ®kitab ¡Ã‚ ¯ adalah bahan cetak yang terdiri dari 49 halaman atau lebih, tidak termasuk halaman sampulnya. Menurut Susenas/Statistik Pendidikan, proporsi penduduk buta huruf usia 10 tahun ke atas adalah sebagai berikut: Jenis Kelamin  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kota  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Desa  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kota dan Desa Pria  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.76  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  10.32  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  7.52 Wanita  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  9.44  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  20.17  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15.54 Pria dan Wanita  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6.63  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15.53  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  11.55 Beda Wanita Pria  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5.68  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  9.85  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  8.02 Angka ini bisa kita bandingkan dengan tabel keberaksaraan penduduk dunia menurut wilayahnya yang ada di bawah ini. Secara sekilas, kelihatannya taraf keberaksaraan penduduk Indonesia, termasuk umat Kristen di dalamnya, telah mencapai angka yang cukup menggembirakan. Kita dapat mengandaikan bahwa penduduk Indonesia beragama Kristen (yang pada tahun 2000, demikian menurut LP3ES, berjumlah 17.954.977 jiwa atau 8,92% dari keseluruhan jumlah penduduk ) juga memiliki persentase keberaksaraan yang kurang lebih sama dengan komponen penduduk Indonesia lainnya. Bila angka-angka ini benar, maka kelihatannya tersedia ladang yang cukup besar bagi pelayanan pencetakan Alkitab serta literatur penyertanya (sekitar 15 juta jiwa orang Kristen yang dikategorikan tidak buta huruf).

Coffee Republic -Marekting Communications Plan Essay

1. Executive Summary Coffee Republic was founded in 1995 by Bobby and Sahar Hashemi, who noticed a market gap where they could sell their high quality product at an affordable price to customers wishing something more than just regular coffee and fast food offered by other high street chains(Hashemi S, 2001). At first the product was marketed in the UK only, but with the development of the brand, the company has managed to enter markets internationally in countries such as Saudi Arabia, United States of America, Romania, Ireland etc. Since Coffee Republic is not a typical coffee shop chain, but operates under three brands simultaneously: Coffee Republic, Coffee Republic Deli and Republic Deli, it is essential also to concentrate on the food selection. Food market is very specific and even a small mistake can lead to a great loss of customers. Recently, the company has collapsed into administration, blaming recession for its problems. Developing a marketing communications plan in order to reinvigorate Cof fee Republic as a brand will require the use a pull strategy that should focus on advertising strategy in several medias such as: radio or taxis and other marketing communications tools such as sponsorship. 2. Campaign Objectives. Marketing communications objectives typically refer to sales and/or to the goals the marketing communications have in affecting the mind of the target audience.(Pickton D., Broderick A. 2005). Rather than developing new products, that the company could introduce to the market, it is more important to deliver the essence of the brand to the audience. In other words, using the flow of information to reposition the brand in the mind of the consumer. With the budget of 1 million there is a need to develop a campaign targeted at a segment of ‘everyday consumer who is looking for a coffee to get them through the day’. The age of the consumer is 21-35 years and they are usually white collar workers with an average income of 20,000 pounds p.a. They also rely on public transport to get them to work, rather than on their private means of transport. Main Objectives of the campaign: a. To raise the awareness of Coffee Republic among the market of 21-35-year-old, males and females, white collar workers, with an income above 20,000 pounds p.a., and who rely on public transport to get them to work. b. To reposition the brand as one selling a gourmet and exclusive product, but also one, offering an exclusive product at an affordable price. c. To create strong brand values, so that the customer is aware of what it stands for and not for what it sells. d. To ensure that the food offer is distinct and differs from others’, in the mind of the consumer. e. To reinvigorate the Coffee Republic brand and stop it going out of business. Positioning: The market for Coffee shops and deli shops is very competitive and is characterized by companies and smaller entrepreneurs which operate on two sides of it. Either it is ruled by small independent retailers functioning on a local scale or bigger chains like Costa Coffee with large budgets, being able to set high standards and which the target audience seems to prefer more than chains such as Coffee Republic. Trying to fit into both of those markets is really difficult as it requires more financial input in order to develop both coffee and food offer. Coffee Republic is a company which does not qualify for either of those territories and the aim of the marketing communication plan would be to try and push it into the higher end in the hierarchy, so it can compete with larger developments. In order to compete and achieve the earlier established objectives, it will be essential to reposition the brand. Since the essence of positioning a brand or product is to differ it from the competitors in the mind of consumers (De Pelsmacker P., Guens M., Van de Bergh J 2001), it will be necessary to strengthen the role of food selection and to emphasize its meaning in the campaign in general. The company will have to start selling not only a great quality coffee but also add variety by offering a selection of meats, cheeses and other gourmet foods, but also provide not too complex lunch service, a few seats and tables for  the sit-down lunch crowd and take-out catering options including for example cold meat and cheese trays. What is more, the company will have to re-consider the location of their units. The ideal location for delis and coffee shops is in office districts, industrial malls and mall food courts, where the targeted audience of white collar workers could be approached. 3. Overall Creative Theme In order to gain the attention of 21-35-years-old white collar workers, relying on public transport, the message, that Coffee Republic will desire to deliver will have to be innovative and convincing. The general theme will have to remind the target audience of mouth watering food and delicious coffee available only in Coffee Republic retail units. Since the segment targeted is a group of young and middle aged people, probably aware modern fashions and newest trends, the clear statement of modernity will also need to be depicted along with an image of greatest value and high quality food and coffee available at an affordable price. The general creative idea would be to use more aggressive slogans that the target audience would find encouraging and at the same time robust. Slogans like: Have it OUR way!; Wake up to a smell of coffee!; HUNGRY? Have it our way!, would relay a clear and solid message, that the target audience will associate with simplicity but also with high quality of products offered. 4. Communications Strategy The promotional mix will be used in order to support the pull strategy. The combination of advertising strategy and sponsorship will be implemented in order to meet the established objectives. The advertising will have to take place in mainly in radio, general-interest magazines and taxis since the financial resources for the campaign are relatively small and the company can not afford television advertising. Although advertising can be seen as expensive in overall cost terms this has to be outweighed by the fact that many members of target audience can be reached (Pickton D., Broderick A. 2005). In the radio, it would be useful to use the voices of some well known celebrities, who could easily influence the target  audience and increase the interest among new, potential customers. Because the targeted audience relies on public means of transport while getting to work, it would be reasonable also to allocate some resources in small posters inside taxis and stickers including slogans on their sides. Since the company already has quite a well designed website, it would be useful to start advertising it elsewhere in the internet. To balance the radio advertising it would be a good idea to advertise the company on the radio’s website. The advantage of this is that many listeners frequently visit the website of the station they listen to and the target audience can be reached in two mediums simultaneously. In order to reach the target audience through national radio station, some kind of sponsorship may play an essential role in the campaign. Sponsoring a concert or a national event, would definitely be noticed through the media of national radio station. During the concert, symbols and logos of the company will be omnipresent and in that way, noticed by the target audience. a. Advertising Strategy Media: – Local Radio Stations: since radio advertising is considerably cheap, it would be worth to invest in that kind of promoting the brand. It reaches the biggest amount of potential customers-the target audience, at the lowest cost. Because the audience targeted is considerably young, the best station to advertise would be a national radio station, but since the financial resources for the campaign are quite small, the efforts will have to concentrate on large local radio stations, where the cost of a campaign will be much smaller. The best time to promote the company in the radio would be early morning, when most of the target audience wake up to work, or listen to the radio while working. In addition to the radio campaign, it would be worthwhile to promote the company on the websites of the radio stations. As mentioned before, it is a great opportunity to raise the awareness of the target audience through two mediums at the same time at a reasonable cost. The cost of small banners at the websites of the radio  stations should not be high and will be an effective supplement for the radio campaign. – Taxis: The reason for effectiveness of advertising the company on taxis is quite clear. The research shows that taxis spend more than 90% of their working time in town and city centers and because of that there is quite a big probability of the adverts displayed inside and on the sides being noticed by the target audience traveling to and from work. What is more, each taxi spends the average of 8 hours working in city centers, which provides the effectiveness of city billboards, which are much more expensive. With the budget available, the company will have a great opportunity to reach the city and town centers, where the target audience spends a lot of their time. – General-interest magazines: because of quite a small financial budget of the company, it can not afford to develop an effective internet advertising campaign, which would be a great solution in that case. However, in order to boost the campaign, the company can make a use of the medium of general-interest magazines. Advertising in magazines, quite often read by the target audience such as The Spectator, The Business Magazine or The Economist, but also in more general interest magazines such as Marie Claire or Cosmopolitan, will constitute a great and effective way of reaching the segment targeted. The main advantage of magazine advertising is that the production quality is high and as a result a more compelling branding advert can be designed. b. Sponsorship -sponsorship may be defined as a commercial activity, whereby one party permits another an opportunity to exploit an association with a target audience in return for funds, services and resources(Fill, 2002). In order to get noticed in the national radio stations, or even on television, it would be useful to sponsor an event or a concert, which usually gains a lot of attention of young people and enables the opportunity to get noticed by them. As mentioned before, that medium will ensure that the company logos  and posters will also be noticed during the event as well as before it takes place, during commercials promoting it. 5. Report Summary The evaluation of the marketing communication plan is very important in the whole process of the campaign. It is essential not to forget to measure the degree to which each part of the marketing communications plan has contributed to successful development of the campaign. With such approach, each part will have to be assessed according to different characteristics in order to observe the effectiveness of the campaign. Since the campaign concentrates on advertising strategy and sponsorship mainly, it will be necessary to measure the degree to which these two marketing tools have contributed to the general success of the campaign. Bibliography: Coffee Republic PLC (2007) Coffee Republic Annual Report, Rubicon De Pelsmacker P., Guens M., Van de Bergh J (2001) Marketing Communications, Harlow: Pearson Education Limited Hashemi S. (2007), Anyone Can Do it: Building Coffee Republic from Our Kitchen Table – 57 Real Life Laws on Entrepreneurship, Capstone Fill C. (2002) Marketing Communications: Contexts, Strategies and Applications, Harlow: Pearson Education Limited Fill C. (2007) Marketing communications : Engagements, Strategies and Practice, Harlow: Pearson Education Limited Pickton D., Broderick A (2005) Integrated Marketing Communications, Harlow: Pearson Education Limited

Parents Who Have a Severely Disabled Child Should Be Allowed to Euthanize Them Essay

Some people call it mercy killing, others call it murder. This is a tough question for every parent in the word who has severely disabled child that will never be able to recognize them or even understands who he or she is and why. This problem has occurred over decades and there is a lot of proof that those children are not able to live full lives and some of them are in constant pain. What’s more in some countries euthanasia is allowed (1). Only the improvement of medical treatment is the reason why those children are still alive (2) and this treatment is quite expensive so governmental funds are needed (3). A part of society believes that it is cruel to force severely ill people to live when in normal conditions they would die. Euthanasia is a painless death caused by a medical injection and it is allowed in Brazil, in some occasions in Canada and in some states in the USA. This choice has to be made by the person who wants to be euthanized. If the adult in care or child are not able to make that choice by themselves it automatically means that this procedure cannot be done. In these situations the question of giving rights to choose to another person always occurs. It is a conflict between law and ethics. It would be more ethical to end ones suffering, but the law says that every person has a right to choose and a right to live. Every child has a right to live a life without pain and some of those diseases are incredibly painful even if painkillers are used. So it would be more humane to euthanize the child. As always, if there is seriously ill child a lot of funding is needed. If the parent or guardian does not have money to cover the expenses the governmental funding is needed. Marc Spindelman, a law professor at Ohio State University and an expert in bioethics thinks that politicians starts to look God like, because a single state spends around 2,5 billion a year on severely ill children, yet this amount of money is not enough, so they have to decide who lives and who dies. According to data it costs around 103, 000 $ a year on infant with ventilator and around 100, 000 $ a year on a baby who is connected to feeding tubes (Extreme choices, The right to live or die(n. d.)). If that kind of a choice is given to government there is a question of why it is not given to parents, because they are the ones that will know better whether to continue fighting or to let the child rest in peace. The main reason why nowadays there are more disabled children than in the past is because of medical development. Severely disabled children in past in most cases could not reach adolescence, because of the fact that there was no special medical equipment that could help to keep those children alive, like there is now, for example, feeding tubes. That means that they can survive as long as they are in a hospital or as long as parents or the government have funds to pay medical bills. There is a law in Canada that allows parents to disconnect the feeding tubes, but that means that they will starve to death. That is the main reason why Annette Corriveau wants to euthanize her children Janete and Jeffery. They do not respond and they are not able to move, roll over or even move their hands. They are in vegetative condition for more than ten years and there is only a slight possibility that there will be a medication that might improve their condition. As Annette said in an interview, she thinks that euthanasia would be the best thing that can happen to them, because she would not like to live a life like that and she does not know anyone who would(). Also, some parents are wondering why they can decide to have an abortion during any stage of pregnancy, if a disease is detected, yet cannot give birth to make sure that the child is truly sick and then euthanize him or her. The fact is that despite modern medical equipment there is a slight chance that the doctor might be wrong and parents will kill an innocent and healthy child. If we would follow the law of nature, this kind of question would not even be considered and no one would have to make that kind of a choice. Because of today’s medical equipment we keep alive those who should be resting in peace and putting them through different painful operations and treatments just because of the society’s opinion that euthanasia is considered murder and because we think that living even in vegetative state is better than death. SOURCES: 1. Extreme choices, The right to live or die (n. d.) Retrieved from: http://www.enquirer.com/extremechoices/loc_extremeday2.html ; 2. Taking mercy (8 of March, 2012) Retrieved from: http://www.globalnews.ca/taking+mercy/6442597182/story.html

Male Character Essay

Masculine roles have effective power in recent movies. In the chapter, the author who is Kenneth Mackinnon talks about ‘masculinity in movies’ by variety ways. He not only considers about the different kinds of movie genres, individual movies and those male movie stars in general, but also introduces the hard body and soft body contrastively for audience. Moreover, Mackinnon mentions about the disadvantages of masculinity in the films and provides three recent illustrations in 2000 to answer the questions of masculinity clearly. The evidence which author selected is widespread but all come from the main idea of masculinity such as technological advances, the homoeroticism and heterosexuals, the feminism and masculinity and even the culture and history about masculinity in movies. At the beginning of the chapter, Mackinnon introduces the different genres about masculinity in movies by using lots of examples. There are variety of movie types such as action genres, bond movies, westerns, war films, slasher movies, sports movies and something else. One of the most important types is action movie. As Mackinnon said, action movie is †a version of heroism was promoted in these movies that depended on visual evidence of physical strength and might. †(P294) For this reason, the publishers pay much money to superstars in order to get the extraordinary effects in action films. For example, Sylvester Stallone in ‘make rampage’ movie. Similarly, bond movie, as an action series, depicted a new type of masculinity, which found in †Gentleman Chivalry† from 1962 to the present. The kind of movie continues to execute the heroism, which is popular among audience. For instance, the famous identities of 007 are James Bond and his ‘bond girl’. However, there is too much â€Å"technological excess† and special effects in recent years. That’s captured audience’s attention negatively. The author has also stated the westerns, which are â€Å"the supreme genre for the depiction of traditional, laconic, dominating masculinity. † (P297)The protagonists are usually cowboys in Hollywood film. The consequence of those boys usually be alone. Moreover, western movie allows violence, homosociality and â€Å"evasion of domestication†. The author’s opinion of masculinity in sports movies is that they provide a kind of lifestyle, which is a pure physical machismo for audience. In other words, it is â€Å"a highly stylized version of traditional masculinity†(P300) people have chance to watch a â€Å"natural† masculinity in sports movie. (i. e. Field of Dreams). Another genre has been mentioned is comedy. It’s a different side of masculinity. Comedy always shows audience the irony of traditional masculinity, especially in vulnerable side. They focused more on conflicts from fatherhood rather than motherhood. In order to understand the masculinity movie deeply, the author selected a few individual movies such as Born on the Fourth of July, Dead Ringers, The Crying Game and The Full Monty. The protagonist of Born on the Fourth of July is Don Kunz who acts as a â€Å"heroic masculine ideal† in the movie. He thinks winning is the most important thing. â€Å"to win, others must be losers†(p304)make him full of physical strength. He is a typical figure of masculine in movie. Male stars are also an important factor for masculinity movie, because female audience, even some of male audience will follow the movie stars. In the chapter, Mackinnon introduce male stars such as Warren Beatty, Clint Eastwood and Charles Bronson.

Nervous Conditions Response

White Man’s Burden and Nervous Conditions The â€Å"white man’s burden† was a narrative created by Europeans as a part of a civilizing mission (lecture, 3/4). Above all it meant education and Christianity. These two things were brought to the African continent under the assumption that they would bring wellbeing for Africans. Yet that was not always the case. In many instances, these assumptions were contested by the real life experiences of many Africans and manifested in nervous conditions. We see examples of this in Tsitsi Dangarembga’s work.The various relationships Babamukuru has with different characters throughout Nervous Conditions are emblematic of the multi-faceted and complex relationships colonizers had with Africans especially when analyzed in the context of the ‘white man’s burden’ as related to education, Christianity, and control. Many Africans were convinced of the â€Å"white man’s† promise that a Western education was key to breaking the cycle of poverty and a means to a better life. Babamukuru is a shining example of this, especially the ways in which he uses his education in relation to others.The first case this is present is in his decision to bring Nyasha and Chido to England for his own education because he did not want them to experience the â€Å"hardship that he had experienced as a young child† on the homestead (14). This choice suggests that he viewed his education as a way for his children to indirectly benefit and promote their wellbeing. A more direct example is Babamukuru’s vested interest in the wellbeing of his extended family. He declares, â€Å"we need to ensure that at least one member form each family is educated† (44).Babamukuru feels that it is his duty, as an African educated in the West, to provide opportunities of education for his family. This feeling of obligation—or burden—to provide is rooted in his own education as i t relates to his colonial experience. This is not to pass judgment on his offer, rather, further analyze the relationship between wellbeing and education as it relates to the colonizer and the African more generally. Although Babamukuru’s gift is well received by the family, it is necessary to consider the notion that western education, as a means to wellbeing truly is a colonial conviction.Moreover, western education is not necessarily valued in traditional Africa the way that is often taken at face value. Consider the fact that on page 15 Jeremiah said to Tambu, â€Å"Can you cook books and feed them to your husband? Stay at home with your mother. Learn to cook and clean. † As is evident, the type of education Babamukuru is offering his family is strictly colonial and influenced as such. It is not the panacea that is often considered at face value. Moreover, it the experience with education cultivated nervous conditions that challenged the traditional African identit ies of some characters.This is evident in characters like Tambu and Nyasha which will be discussed in more detail shortly. In sum, western education as a means to wellbeing under the mindset of the white man’s burden is often contradictory. This is evident from the standpoint of Babamukuru through the examples provided. On one hand it was a means to a better life. However, in this offer to and aspiration toward higher education came struggles with identity and what it meant to be African. Yet this is not the only example of Babamukuru’s relationship with characters in the book as emblematic of the â€Å"white man’s burden†.Just as Europeans were convinced Africans needed to be educated, they were also convinced that Africans needed Christianity in order to be saved by the grace of God. In the same way â€Å"white men† felt burdened to facilitate this relationship, Babamukuru internalized this attitude. His conviction that Jeremiah and Ma’Shi ngayi need a proper Christian wedding shows this. He says, â€Å"Jeremiah†¦you are still living in sin. You have not been married in a church before God. This is a serious matter† (149). Babamukuru’s imposition of a Christian wedding on Jeremiah and Ma’Shingayi symbolizes how colonial values of religion manifested in African life.It was imposed from the outside inward as if to suggest African religion before colonialism was inherently flawed. In demanding a Christian wedding Babamukuru challenged traditional African ways of ceremony and union which, consequently, presented struggles in the life of various characters. One particular case is with Tambu in her refusal to attend the ceremony. In response to this Babamukuru exclaims, â€Å"I am the head of this house. Anyone who defies my authority is doing an evil thing in this house, bent on destroying my authority† (169).Two important modes of analysis come out of this. The first is how the colonial tr adition of a Christian wedding seemed to disturb Tambu. The second is the element of control that Babamukuru exhibits. For him, just as for the colonizers, it was more than a wedding. It was a way to impose European values and traditions in order to change what it meant to be African. In short, Christianity as part of the white man’s burden was an imposition that challenged African traditions. As symbolized in the case of Tambu’s refusal to attend the ceremony, this created tension for many Africans.Moreover, the way in which Babamukuru handles the situation with Tambu exemplifies the element of control that was pervasive in living out the white man’s burden. Finally, this analysis of the white man’s burden through the scope of Babamukuru’s relationship with other characters in the book culminates with the theme of control, specifically his relationship with Nyasha. This is a good example because their relationship highlights the multifaceted aspec ts of the relationship between the colonizer and African. First, there is thecare and concern of wellbeing Babamukuru has for this daughter.He takes her to England then enrolls her in school so as to provide her with a better life. At the same time he places high pressure on her to perform well and become more â€Å"English†. He has high expectations for her and, in many ways, expects her to become more â€Å"white† by adopting European customs and disciplines. All of this pressure creates nervous conditions for Nyasha and consequently puts strain on her relationship with her father as exemplified through the tensions and fights between the two. This issue of pressure and control manifests prominently in the scene where Babamukuru forces Nyasha to eat.He demands, â€Å"Sit down and eat that food. I am telling you. Eat it! † (192). After consuming the food like a maniac she forces herself to vomit. Further, this marks the beginning of an eating disorder. Using th is as a metaphor, the European control many Africans felt from the white man’s burden led many to feel starved of an identity that was essentially African. Some populations became subservient and assimilated, like many French colonies (lecture, 3/11). Still others rebelled and/or broke under the pressure in a way similar to Nyasha.One example of this would be rebellions in the Congo in the 1960s as well as the Mau Mau Rebellion (lectures, 3/4; 3/6). What persists, though, is the pressure Africans felt in the manifestation of the white man’s burden created nervous conditions that led to neuroses of entire populations. In conclusion, the various relationships Babamukuru has with different characters throughout Nervous Conditions are emblematic of the multi-faceted and complex relationships colonizers had with Africans especially when analyzed in the context of the ‘white man’s burden’ as related to education, Christianity, and control.Babamukuru as an African educated in the west internalizes many European values that are subsequently projected on other characters in the book. As is clear, these manifest in different ways. However, is also clear is the assumption of African wellbeing through colonization under the â€Å"white man’s burden† is contested. In fact, the â€Å"white man’s burden† created nervous conditions for many Africans.

Radio Frequency Identification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Radio Frequency Identification - Essay Example ..a transmitter sends a burst of radio waves through the antenna to the chip inside the tag to read the information stored in it" (Hoctor and Thierauf 237). In fact, Higham calls it a "must-have accessory in the supply chain" (23). The scope of this paper is to answer three specific questions regarding RFID based upon the reading assigned. 1. Based on the background readings, what makes RFID such a big deal in managing production and inventory Of all the issues related to RFID and its implementation, both positive and negative, the two most noteworthy aspects are strongly positive; it allows producers to increase their productivity through the efficient management of the SCM process, and it increases the security and accuracy of delivery. By streamlining the product data process, RFID allows suppliers to increase their productivity in numerous ways. First, in terms of general organizational efficiency, RFID allows suppliers to monitor and control things like batch management and returns, shipping and receiving accuracy, as well as inventory visibility (Byrne, 43(5) 31). The ability to know exactly where each item in the supply chain is, where it has been, and where it is going, is vital. The information provided, and the ease at which it is obtained, is not inexpensive. After the investment in the technology is made, however, the raw cost of goods sold is actually decreased because of the increased productivity available to the front end of the supply chain. For example, the cost of labor can be drastically reduced because of the fact that many features of inventory tracking and management become automated in an RFID system. Further, in terms of unit location, serviceability, and depletion, an RFID system provides th e ability to direct capital outlays and increase accuracy in reporting (Byrne, 43(5) 32). Finally, RFID is a big deal in managing resources because of the enhanced security it offers. An organization can use RFID to track a particular item, establish and maintain product authenticity through the coding sequence, ensure end-user safety where necessary through inventory control procedures, and prevent shrinkage through theft or other means (Byrne, 43(5) 32). On the whole, the technology represents a significant step forward for streamlined SCM. 2. What is the nature of the impact that RFID is having on industries, and on individual companies within those industries One of the first notable impacts of RFID technology is the adoption of it by major end-user markets and the obvious effect that has on their suppliers. The huge company, Wal-Mart, is now requiring its business partners to participate in the use of the technology (Byrne, 43(9) 31), which makes perfect sense as the organization must efficiently track vast quantities of inventory through multiple distribution centers as well as ensure just-in-time supply to its thousands of stores. The effect on the suppliers is significant, as they must stay in tune with such technological developments if they are going to maintain their customer base. Even if their participation is somewhat forced (Byrne, 43(9) 31) or pressed upon them, they still will reap the benefits of a much more secure and efficient SCM process. Accordingly, supplier demand brings great impact not only to th e industry but also to the individual suppliers. Another impact of RFID technolog

English Coursework - Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

English - Assignment - Coursework Example I look forward for your resolution. I will wait for seven days before I seek assistance from the trading standards. Please you can contact me using the above email or address. Yours sincerely [Name] Accounts assistant CV [Name] [Location] [Address] [Phone number] [Email] Personal statement I am an enthusiastic, ambitious and attentive to details individual who has always enjoyed working with figures. This is because I love solving complex tasks and the challenges brought in attempting to solve them. My bachelor’s degree in Accounting plus the accounting experience I have had in the past has equipped me with the necessary analytical skills to excel in this career Objective Seeking an assistant accountant position where I will utilize and develop my extensive experience Professional skills Possess strong problem solving and analytical skills Excellent verbal and written communication skills More than 5 years experience in management of accounting systems Very trustworthy, ethica l and discrete Ability to perform as per the assignment Educational background Bachelor’s degree in accounting, Oxford University, 1999 – 2003 Diploma in computer science, Dublin computer center Computer literacy Operating systems: Windows Vista, Windows 2006, Windows 2007, Windows XP Office package: Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, Microsoft Outlook, Microsoft Access, Microsoft PowerPoint Professional experience SIRVA hotels Wales 2004-2006- Assistant Accountant Responsibilities Preparation of cost accounting and monthly closing accounts and statements of profit and loss Reviewing and preparation of budget, expenses, invoices, revenue, payroll entries and other documents in accounting Analyzing and compiling financial data for accounts entry preparations for instance ledger accounts. Instill Services, Boston 2007- to present- Accounting Executive Worked with finance and sales department Maintained the profit and sales book of the company Assisted in distribution of pa yroll Maintained the database of the client Directed generated income to the national board from regional office (Resume 2011) Interest and hobbies I love travelling which not only freshen up my mind but also I get to enjoy new sceneries. Reading because I believe knowledge is power [Your name] [Location] [Address] 8th December, 2011 To Human resources manager Recruiting department Hilton Dublin Hotel Dublin 17 Ireland Subject: Application for a job as an Assistant Accountant I am writing to apply for an assistant accountant position in Hilton Dublin Hotel. I learnt of the vacant position from the job advertisement web page ApplyForJob.aspx on 22nd November, 2011. As my resume reveals both my educational background and my experience, make me eligible for the designation of an account assistant. I have acquired skills in management of accounting systems including preparation and review of budget, invoices, expenses and other accounting practices in my previous organization. I have al so had a chance of working with finance and sales department where I gained immense knowledge in accounting procedures. The five years experiences I have had in my current organization have greatly improved my accuracy skills thereby enabling me to achieve arithmetic excellence in all what I do. Since my current organization has a large number of employees, I have learnt to interact with my fellow colleagues thereby improving my

Computer Generated Imagery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Computer Generated Imagery - Essay Example Another important reason why CGIs are worth the appreciation and support is that they have allowed and encouraged the filmmakers to broaden the horizon of their imaginations. What we saw in inception and 2012 recently, there is the probability that the directors of 70s or 80s may have thought on these lines but failed to translate their imaginations and ideas on screen because of absence of this technology. Today, the filmmakers have the liberty to think beyond what is known by science and technology. In fact, with their imagination and its on screen translation with the help of CGI, filmmakers even provide new directions to the scientists and experts to think (Page, pp. 52-59). Moreover, it has also benefited the video game industry because now it has become possible for the videogame creators to produce videogames of many movies and television series, which are on screen. Examples like Tomb Raider, Max Payne, Saw, Home Alone, Hit Man, Resident Evil, Doom, Mortal Kombat, Prince of P ersia, The Karate Kid, The Mask of Zorro, Star Wars, Street Fighters, Spider Man, Alice in wonderland and others (Miller, Vandome & McBrewster, pp 152-155). CGI has allowed people to achieve real and higher level entertainment from the movies. Without any doubts, the audience usually forms strong associations with the movies, their characters, plots, and scenarios. Furthermore, moviemakers earn a lot from these movies as compared to other professions. This is because the people are ready to pay huge amounts to see certain movies. The point here is that with CGI, the entertainment industry, in the real scene has been the â€Å"entertainment† industry. People are getting value for their money. They get to see stuff, which is beyond their imagination, they heroes doing... This paper talks about a very interesting today's problem - CGI. CGI stands for Computer Generated Imagery and it refers to any static or moving visual image whose creation or finishing had become possible due to the help and graphics added by the computer. Film industry like any other industry is facing the pressures of globalization and competition. Gone are the days when filmmakers had no concern about the budgets of the film, expenses, and costs of the projects only because the idea and the cast of the film were too strong. Producers are now looking for efficient methods of filmmaking with maximum and high quality results. Much of the technological innovation is the result of the same and so is the CGI technology. It allows the filmmakers to save great amount of time, money, and effort. With CGI, filmmakers do not have to make efforts towards gathering the entire cast, crew on a single shooting location for a scene but a scene can be shot at any location, and CGI will do the rest. Furthermore, CGI can also create scenes, which are not only costly but dangerous as well. The paper concludes that in the absence of CGI or in the absence of the recent advancements, which have taken place in CGI, the audience would have found themselves deprived of much needed entertainment and imagination. CGI has not only revolutionized but also provided great benefits to the industry and the audiences. However, it is important for the filmmakers not to lose focus of other essential elements of filmmaking while using CGI.

Career plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Career plan - Research Paper Example Becoming a teacher requires candidates to complete bachelor’s degrees in the field they want to serve as a high school teacher. For example, if a person wants to teach computer science at high school or university level, he/she needs to have a bachelor’s degree in computer science or information technology in order to be eligible for teaching. Moreover, some states also require additional certification to allow candidates for teaching, for instance, California and Florida require people to complete teacher-training programs, get certifications, and pass competency tests to become eligible for teaching. In California, a candidate needs to complete his/her bachelor’s degree first, undergo a teacher-training program, and complete English language development courses to get a preliminary credential (Kelly). In the United States, the working hours for the high school teachers usually lie between 36 to 40 hours per week on average. However, teachers also have to do some work at home, which may include checking students’ work, preparing assignments for students, grading assignments, and preparing lectures for the next day. Although such an amount of workload seems to be difficult to manage, but it keeps a person enthusiastic and fresh as far as I have observed. Moreover, teachers get more leaves as compared to other professionals because of summer holidays at schools and semester holidays in colleges and universities. In the United States, the pay scale for high school teachers is very attractive. A high school teacher usually receives around $55000 per year, which is considered a good salary in the United States (â€Å"Salary Wizard† n.p.). Considering such salary and the professional duties of high school teachers, I would say that teaching should be the most preferred professional choice not only for me but for many other people too. Some of the main job responsibilities of a high school teacher include preparing lectures and tests, maintaining class

Instructional Methods Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Instructional Methods - Research Paper Example Direct and indirect methods are two categories in which the learning methods can be divided. However, these instrumental learning methods are so complicated that they cannot be classified into merely two categories. Every instrumental teaching method used by the teachers has some pros and cons attached to it. The teaching method that the teacher uses in a particular class of students depends on the level and age of the students. Therefore the first step in teaching is to select the correct and accurate teaching method for the students belonging specific class. There is no such ideal method of teaching which can be implied to all teaching level and to all students belonging to different development level; it is the task of the student to select a teaching method which suits the situation. There are factors that the teacher must keep in mind before the selection of any specific instrumental teaching method, these are; material, physical setting, time, space, level of development of stu dents and many more (Kizlik). Approaches to Learning Teacher centered approach This approach is usually based on the fact that the role of the teacher is to provide instruction to the students that may foster learning, in order to achieve a specific goal. The teacher defines the objective of the course to the students and then explains the information to the students. ... Some effective teaching methods have been discussed below. Direct Teaching This teaching method is one of the widely accepted learning methods. This learning method focuses on very specific learning target. The students are given reasons regarding the importance of content which is being taught to them. The students gain can be easily measured by the help of this method. The content of this teaching method must be organized in advance and the teacher must have all the relevant knowledge about the student pre-requisite of the lesson. It is considered one of the effective teaching methods as it is based upon the learning of basic and specific skills. One of the disadvantages of this teaching method is that it stifles the creativity present in a teacher. This teaching method cannot proceed without the well organized preparation of the learning content. The teachers must possess good communication skills if they want to carry on with this teaching method. The steps involved in this metho d must be followed in the prescribed order. This method is usually effective in lower order thinking and it immensely depends on the skills and knowledge of the teacher. Cooperative learning This teaching method fosters mutual responsibility in the students. The teaching method related to this teaching style is supported by different research techniques. This method teaches the students to be more compassionate towards their work, to be patient and less critical. The instructor decides prior to the lecture that what knowledge and skills must be learned by the students. It requires sometimes making the student learn that how they may work in groups, for the specific task assigned to them. There are certain disadvantages related to this teaching style. Some students do

BRITISH STUDIES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

BRITISH STUDIES - Essay Example There are many benefits to being a part of this great institution, and a revamping of the marriage law could be an asset in the improvement of our culture, economy and health. Whereas it can be argued that many aspects of society are required to evolve and grow with the times, the rate and extent to which marriage is able to do this is of the utmost importance as it is one of the most basic traditions and helps to establish one of the most fundamental aspects of modern society. As a function of seeking to understanding and define this institution in the light of the current era, with regards to how much or how little the institution of marriage has been able to evolve with the times, it will be the hope of this author that such an analysis will be capable of presenting a functioning and well argued piece of research into this topic so that the reader might come to a more informed understanding of societal evolution and growth with regards to this most fundamental of traditional socie tal demarcations. As with many traditions and cultural understandings, there can be no denying that the culture of marriage has changed. The cozy imagery of the perfect marriage, as exhibited by the now-comical television shows of the early 1960s and late 1950s have long since faded from memory (Dommaraju, 2009). Fairy tales with stories of love- ever- after were, and to a large part still are, what children are raised on. Within the not so distant past, little girls dreamed of the knight in shining armor, or being brought back to life by a simple kiss from a Prince. When the movie, â€Å"Love Story†, first appeared society was still extremely absorbed in a marriage culture that encouraged and supported getting and staying married until the end of one’s days (Fortunato & Archetti, 2010). Within a few years, the womens movement, the pill, the